6. Observance Observance of food product

intake should be monitored during the study to be able to perform pre-planned analyses on individuals with high and poor compliance rates or analyses of dose–response.   7. Safety All adverse experiences occurring during the course of clinical trials should be fully documented with separate analysis of adverse events, dropouts, and patients who died while being on the study.   Conclusion According to the European regulation, the use of nutrition and health claims shall only be permitted if the food product has been shown to have a beneficial nutritional or physiological effect in agreement with the health claim. However, it must also be pointed IACS-10759 out that during the evaluation of the health claim, besides the characterization of the effect, important elements will be taken into account, such as the characterization click here of the food and the substantiation of the effect. In the field of bone health, Captisol in vivo claimed effects are not sufficiently defined and there are no standardized recommendations for the design and

the methodology of clinical studies needed to reach such health claims. The consensus reached by the GREES is that the level of health claim may differ according to the surrogate endpoint used and on additional animal studies provided to support the claim. The ideal study design is a RCT but, is some particular cases, prospective cohort, case-control, or observational Interleukin-3 receptor studies can be acceptable. In our opinion, general principles of the consensus reached are in line with the principles adopted in the EFSA’s published opinions. This consensus is subject to future modifications when new validated surrogate markers will be available. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Professor Ambroise Martin, from University Claude Bernard in Lyon, France, and member of the NDA panel of the EFSA, for participation in the meetings. Conflicts of interest O Bruyere receives grants or has been reimbursed for attending

meetings from GlaxoSmithKline, IBSA, MSD, Novartis, Rottapharm, Servier, Theramex and Wyeth. He also gives advice to the European Food Safety Authority and the French Food Safety Agency. R Rizzoli is at the Speaker Bureau of Amgen, GSK, Merck, Novartis, Nycomed, Roche, and Servier. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of Amgen, Danone, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Nycomed, Roche, and Servier; and editor of Bone and Associate Editor of Osteoporosis International. He is treasurer and member of the Executive Committee of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. V Coxam receives grants from Danone, Greentech, Lesieur, Rousselot and Servier. B Avouac received fees from Servier, Novartis, Negma, Amgen, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, Nycomed, Theramex, UCB, Expanscience, Lundbeck, Janssen Cilag and Horus. JA Kanis consults for a large number of companies and receives grants or gives advice to nongovernmental agencies.