All rabbits recovered from surgery; owners reported that the rabbits were doing
well 22 to 43 months after surgery.
Clinical Relevance-Liver mTOR phosphorylation lobe torsions in any species are rarely reported, yet 4 cases of liver lobe torsion in domestic rabbits were treated at 1 referral center in a 2-year period. In rabbits, clinical signs of this condition are nonspecific and results of additional tests, including abdominal ultrasonography and serum biochemical analysis, are necessary for diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and hepatectomy of the affected lobe are recommended and appear to be associated with an excellent prognosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011;238:1176-1183)”
“Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, ‘C8′) and perfluoroctane sulphonate (PFOS) are environmentally stable compounds with industrial and consumer uses and long half-lives in humans. Concern has been raised over chronic exposure effects to human health, especially in relation to cholesterol metabolism. Here, we explore the association between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and the in vivo expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. We studied 290 individuals exposed to background levels of PFOS and elevated concentrations of PFOA through drinking water. Using adjusted linear regression models, we found inverse associations between serum PFOA levels and the whole blood expression
level of genes involved in cholesterol transport (NR1H2, NPC1 and ABCG1; p = 0.002, 0.026 and 0.014 respectively). A positive association was seen between Selleckchem NVP-HSP990 PFOS and a transcript involved in cholesterol mobilisation (NCEH1; p = 0.018), learn more and a negative relationship with a transcript involved in cholesterol transport (NR1H3; p = 0.044). When sexes were analysed separately, reductions in the levels of mRNAs involved in cholesterol transport were seen with PFOA in men (NPC1, ABCG1, and PPARA; p = 0.025, 0.024 and 0.012 respectively) and in women (NR1H2 expression; p = 0.019), whereas an increase in the levels of a cholesterol mobilisation
transcript (NCEH1; p = 0.036) was noted in women alone. PFOS was positively associated with expression of genes involved in both cholesterol mobilisation and transport in women (NCEH1 and PPARA; p = 0.003 and 0.039 respectively), but no effects were evident in men. This is the first report of associations between the in vivo expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and exposure to PFOA or PFOS, suggested that exposure to these compounds may promote a hypercholesterolaemic environment, with wider implications for human disease. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 are two Arabidopsis metal transporters sharing about 50% sequence identity with mouse NRAMP1. The NRAMP1/Slc11A1 metal ion transporter plays a crucial role in the innate immunity of animal macrophages targeted by intracellular bacterial pathogens. AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 localize to the vacuolar membrane.