0 articles per year, P < .001) and exponential and accelerating in Germany, Italy, South Korea, France, and the United Kingdom.

The United States produced 187 (36.9%) review articles but only 52 (13.1%) clinical trials. Japan (75, 18.8%) and China (71, 17.8%) both produced more clinical trials than other countries. U.S. IO articles were less likely than general radiology articles to receive funding from government (12.5% vs 23.7%) and nongovernment (15.0% vs 17.0%) sources. Liver cancer articles constituted YM155 datasheet 2388 (62.8%) of all IO articles.

Conclusion: IO research is slowing in the United States but growing elsewhere. Japan and China are leaders in clinical trial research. U.S. IO research receives less funding than does overall radiology reserach. IO research focuses primarily on liver cancer. (C) RSNA, 2010″
“Introduction: Lymphatic invasion has been associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR), and many patients click here with postoperative elevation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) develop distant metastases within several years. We previously found peritumoral lymphatic vessel density (PTLD) in biopsy cores to be an independent predictor of lymphatic invasion in radical prostatectomy specimens, so we speculate that PTLD parameters in biopsy specimens could also be independent predictors of BCR after surgery. Patients and Methods: We obtained positive biopsy cores

from 110 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at our institution. Biopsy cores were immunostained with the

D2-40 monoclonal antibody, which specifically and selectively detects lymphatic endothelium. We evaluated differences between the BCR-free survival rates and used univariate and multivariate analyses to detect independent predictors of BCR. Results: The results of a Cox proportional hazards model showed that lymphatic invasion in prostatectomy specimens was one of the independent postoperative prognostic factors for BCR (p = 0.0338). An additional model showed that one PTLD parameter, maximal PTLD, was among the independent preoperative predictors of lower BCR-free survival rates (p = 0.0200). Conclusions: Information about PTLD in prostate biopsy specimens could selleck chemical be helpful for selecting patients as radical prostatectomy candidates, and patients with high PTLD values should be carefully monitored after surgery. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) were identified retrospectively from patients hospitalized during a 2-year period from 2005 to 2007. Among adult patients (>= 20 years), the incidence of established acute PE was 88 (0.17%) of 50 882 in Dongsan Hospital. The incidence of acute PE at Dongsan Hospital was 26% lower than that at Henry Ford Hospital (P < .01). Among patients more than 50 years of age, PE was more frequent in women (0.32%; 95% CI, 0.24-0.4) than in men (0.15%; 95% CI, 0.1-0.21; P < .01). Among all patients with PE older than 20 years of age, 68 (0.21%) of 31 869 (95% CI, 0.17-0.