The thin films with (222) preferred orientation were found to grow at 650 degrees C with better crystallinity which was established by the lowest full-width half maxima of

similar to 0.38. The dielectric response of the thin films grown click here at 650 degrees C have been characterized within a temperature range of 270-650 K and a frequency window of 0.1-100 kHz. The dielectric dispersion in the thin films shows a Maxwell-Wagner type relaxation with two different kinds of response confirmed by temperature dependent Nyquist plots. The ac conduction of the films showed a varied behavior in two different frequency regions. The power law exponent values of more than 1 at high frequency are explained by a jump-relaxation-model. The possibility of grain boundary related large

polaronic hopping, due to two different power law exponents and transformation of double to single response in Nyquist plots at high temperature, has been excluded. The “”attempt jump frequency”" obtained from temperature dependent tangent loss and real part of dielectric constants, has been found to lie in the range of their lattice vibronic frequencies (10(12)-10(13) Hz). The activation energy arising from a large polaronic hopping due to trapped charge at low frequency region has been calculated from the ac conduction behavior. The range of activation energies (0.26-0.59. eV) suggests that the polaronic hopping at low frequency selleck screening library is mostly due to oxygen vacancies.

(C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. LY2157299 [doi:10.106311.3457335]“
“Functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the hippocampus formation in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, but findings from volumetric studies have been less consistent. The authors aim to further investigate the existence of volumetric abnormalities in the hippocampus of individuals with bipolar disorder. In addition to methodological inconsistencies, many previous studies have been lacking clinical robustness with respect to characterizing bipolar patients and comparison subjects. Hence, the present study matched the groups closely across a number of demographic parameters. Using MRI, hippocampal volumes of 24 bipolar patients were compared to 24 sex-, age-, and education-matched comparison subjects, and these findings were further investigated in relation to both illness and treatment factors. A significantly larger (8.5%) right hippocampus was seen in bipolar patients than in comparison subjects, and this difference was not associated with a history of psychosis, familial illness, or lithium treatment, after controlling for potential confounds. Patients reporting fewer affective episodes did however have significantly larger left hippocampus volumes than comparison subjects. The authors found that the left hippocampus was larger in a group of adult bipolar subjects relative to the healthy comparison group.

For large values of the metallic nucleus diameter, as well as for microwires with the glass coating removed, the OS vanishes, being replaced with a surface region with helical magnetization, which expands toward the microwire surface. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3072826]“
“BACKGROUND: Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is very stable under natural sunlight and resistant to high temperatures and UV radiation. Conventional treatment techniques are found to be inefficient in removing these toxins from potable water

systems. Advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) are considered a promising technique for the destruction of microcystins. Among the various AOTs, electrochemical oxidation (EO) has been proved to be very successful in degrading the organic pollutants. The purpose of this study was therefore, to determine the feasibility of MC-LR removal and its mechanism Stem Cell Compound Library molecular weight by EO. The effect of operational parameters on the degradation efficiency of MC-LR has been studied.

RESULTS: The degradation of MC-LR followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic AP26113 with a rate constant (k(1)) of 0.017 min(-1). Current density and electrolytes can affect the degradation rate; the pH of the different anionic solutions had a negligible effect on the degradation of MC-LR. The destruction of the key functional groups of MC-LR effectively inhibits its toxicity,

which is confirmed by toxicity tests.

CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated the feasibility of electrochemical oxidation on boron-doped electrode for the removal of MC-LR

from the aquatic environment. (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Superconducting properties of 60 nm thick lead bismuth (Pb(82)Bi(18)) films in a spatially varying magnetic field created by a hybrid structure of soft magnetic (25 mu m wide iron) and nonmagnetic (250 mu m wide brass) layers perpendicular to the superconducting film surface are reported. The applied homogeneous external magnetic field is redistributed in the superconducting film due to the high HSP mutation magnetic permeability of iron. This results in alternating parallel stripes of regions of low and high magnetic field. Thus the values of second critical field H(C2) and critical current density are also much higher for current parallel to the magnetic stripes than in a control superconducting film without any magnetic field modulation. For the current perpendicular to the magnetic stripes, the superconductor behaves like an inhomogeneous resistor with regions of low and higher T(C) in series. Thus, the critical current I(C) for the perpendicular case is much less than either the control film or the case for current parallel to the magnetic sheets. These results demonstrate that it is possible to strongly increase I(C) and H(C2) by simple redirection of magnetic flux with a soft magnetic microstructure. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.

90 +/- 23.47%, MR: 32.66 +/- 13.95%, and LR: 32.53 +/- 5.87%). On the basis of above results, MR cultivars were evaluated

the highest quality, because high lipoxygenase activity, high fat acidity, and low germination rate have deteriorated in quality and generated off-odor. Thus, MR cultivars might be very important sources in food processing and stored dietary supplement aspects.”
“Biodiesel, chemically consists of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) produced by methanolysis of natural triglycerides, such as animal fats and vegetable oils, is a kind of biomass energy, which is renewable and ecofriendly. In this article, KF/CaO was used as solid base catalyst for transesterification of soya bean oil and methanol, while ultrasound as supplementary means. Compared to mechanical stirring, ultrasound treatment is an effective method to increase the yield of FAME and shorten www.selleckchem.com/products/DAPT-GSI-IX.html reaction time. By single-factor method, the optimisation of reaction conditions has been studied. The research showed that the optimum reaction conditions were: w(catalyst)/w(oil): 3%, reaction temperature: 65 degrees C, n(methanol)/n(oil): 12, reaction time: 1 h, sound intensity: 1.01 W cm(-2), frequency: 20 kHz, the yield of FAME could be 97%.”
“Objective: The examination of the genotoxic, cytostatic and cytotoxic

effects of smoking during pregnancy.

Method: Lymphocyte cultures of peripheral blood were received from 20 women who smoked during pregnancy as well as umbilical cord blood of their newborns. Fluorescence Plus Giemsa staining technique was used in order to perform cytogenetic analyses for three indices, Selleck Alvocidib Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCEs), Proliferation Rate Index (PRI) and Mitotic Index (MI). To reveal any underlying chromosome instability, CPT-11 was used as a positive control.

Results: Newborns whose mothers smoke during pregnancy had increased SCEs levels on their lymphocytes when they were exposed to the mutagenic agent CPT-11 (p < 0.01) compared GW4869 with newborns lymphocytes exposed

to the same agent with non-smoking mothers. Also, mothers smoking during pregnancy had increased SCE levels when their lymphocytes were exposed to CPT-11 (p < 0.01) compared with non smoking mothers whose lymphocytes were exposed to the same agent. In both groups newborns appeared as having decreased (p < 0.01) spontaneous SCEs levels compared with the corresponding SCE rates of their mothers. Decreases of PRIs and MIs are observed in mothers compared to their newborns.

Conclusion: Smoking during pregnancy can promote cytogenetic damage in newborn’s DNA, causing chromosome instability. The clinical importance of this indirect damage lies in the fact that this type of damage can act synergistically with other environmental and/or chemical mutagenic substances possibly leading to carcinogenicity.

001). In RBCs, concentrations selleck chemicals of linoleic acid (LA, 18: 2n-6) were inversely associated with DHA, EPA, and ARA, respectively, in EPGs (r = -0.432, P < 0.01; r = -0.201, P < 0.04; and r = -0.303, P < 0.01) and phosphatidylcholine (r = -0.460, -0.490, and -0.604; P < 0.01 for all).

Conclusions: Membrane

fatty acids are influenced by the amount and balance of fatty acid substrates. Our results suggest the competitive interaction of LA with ARA, EPA, and DHA, with no evidence that higher LA increases ARA. Biochemical indicators to suggest that DHA is limiting are present in our population. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00620672. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91: 23-31.”
“Polymicrobial communities are often recalcitrant to antibiotics. We tested whether the polymicrobial Gardnerella vaginalis biofilm can be eradicated with moxifloxacin. Twenty women with bacterial vaginosis were treated with 400 mg moxifloxacin for 5 days. The changes in the occurrence and proportions of Gardnerella, Atopobium and Lactobacillus spp. were assessed using FISH. The bacterial biofilm was investigated using desquamated epithelial cells of spontaneously voided urine and sections of vaginal biopsies. Fifteen of 20 women showed a significant and sustained clinical response ERK inhibitor solubility dmso to moxifloxacin according to Amsel and Nugent criteria. The concentrations of adherent bacteria decreased

significantly. The incidence and proportion of Atopobium declined sustainably. The proportions of Lactobacillus in the biofilm mass increased following therapy. Initially, Gardnerella was the main component of the polymicrobial biofilm. Following treatment, Gardnerella was not accessible to FISH Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor in the urine and vaginal samples of 75% of all women. Ten to 12 weeks after the end of therapy, Gardnerella biofilm was cumulatively present in 40%. This was not due to newly acquired disease, but due to reactivation of the persisting, but biochemically inactive biofilm. Despite clear clinical efficacy, and initially definite

suppression of the biofilm, moxifloxacin was, similar to metronidazole, not able to eradicate the Gardnerella vaginalis biofilm in all patients.”
“We calculated the effects of spin-orbit interaction on the energy bands, ballistic conductance (G), and the electron-diffusion thermoelectric power (S-d) of a nanowire by varying the temperature, electron density, and width of the wire. The potential barriers at the edges of the wire are assumed to be very high. A consequence of the boundary conditions used in this model is determined by the energy band structure, resulting in wider plateaus when the electron density is increased due to larger energy-level separation as the higher subbands are occupied by electrons. The nonlinear dependence of the transverse confinement on position with respect to the well center excludes the “”polelike feature”" in G which is obtained when a harmonic potential is employed for confinement.

For PR and NNRTI mutations, we did not find any difference between the two groups of patients. Baseline NRTI mutations were higher in adherent patients than in non-adherent patients (p<0.05). No differences were found between plasma mutations and PBMC mutations. The authors conclude that genotypic resistance mutations were found in the majority of patients with ARV-therapy failure despite a good self-reported adherence to therapy. Adequate Nocodazole in vitro adherence to therapy is not the only key factor in viral suppression.”
“An outbreak of measles occurred in an orphanage in Chiang Mai, Thailand where 44 HIV-infected and 19 HIV-uninfected children were accomodated. History of measles vaccination was significantly correlated

with the risk of acquiring measles, where HIV infection status was not.”
“The pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin in

plasma and ascitic fluid was investigated in 5 gastrointestinal cancer patients with malignant ascites. Oxaliplatin was administered at 85 mg/m(2) by 2-hour infusion in the FOLFOX4 regimen, and the concentrations of total and free platinum were measured. There was a trend of lower plasma C(max) values of total platinum in patients with a larger volume of ascitic fluid. The AUC(0-t), Vorinostat cell line values of mean concentration curves of total plasma platinum, total ascites platinum, free plasma platinum, and free ascites platinum were 31.15, 7.96, 4.93 and 2.93 mu g.h/mL, respectively. The concentrations of free ascites platinum were similar to those of free plasma platinum at the last sampling time of 26 h in each patient. The decrease or disappearance of ascitic fluid was observed in 4 patients. These results suggest that oxaliplatin exerted a beneficial effect in gastrointestinal cancer patients with malignant ascites, even when administered intravenously.”
“Background: Anopheles longipalpis is morphologically similar to the major African malaria vector Anopheles funestus at the adult stage although it is very different at the larval stage. Despite the development of the species-specific multiplex PCR assay for the An. funestus group, the genomic DNA of Anopheles longipalpis type GSK3326595 in vivo C specimens can be

amplified with the Anopheles vaneedeni and Anopheles parensis primers from this assay. The standard, species-specific An. funestus group PCR, results in the amplification of two fragments when An. longipalpis type C specimens are included in the analysis. This result can easily be misinterpreted as being a hybrid between An. vaneedeni and An. parensis. Anopheles longipalpis type C can be identified using a species-specific PCR assay but this assay is not reliable if other members of the An. funestus group, such as An. funestus, An. funestus-like and An. parensis, are included. The present study provides a multiplex assay that will identify An. longipalpis along with other common members of the African An. funestus group, including Anopheles leesoni.

73 m2 as the primary outcome measure. Median age at LT was 2.2 years. Primary diagnoses were biliary atresia (44.6%), fulminant liver failure (9.8%), metabolic liver disease (16.4%), chronic cholestatic liver disease (13.1%), cryptogenic cirrhosis (4.3%) and other (11.8%). At a mean of 5.2 years post-LT, 17.6% of patients had a mGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 Prexasertib concentration m2. In univariate analysis, factors associated with this outcome were transplant center, age at LT, primary diagnosis, calculated

GFR (cGFR) at LT and 12 months post-LT, primary immunosuppression, early post-LT kidney complications, age at mGFR, height and weight Z-scores at 12 months post-LT. In multivariate analysis, independent variables associated

with a mGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 were primary immunosuppression, age at LT, cGFR at LT and height Z-score at 12 months post-LT.”
“A novel sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES)/phosphotungstic acid (PWA)/silica composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) application were prepared. The structure and performance of the obtained membranes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water uptake, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability. Compared to a pure SPES membrane, PWA and SiO2 doped membranes had a higher thermal stability STI571 inhibitor and glass transition temperature (T-g) as revealed by TA-FTIR and DSC. The morphology of the composite membranes indicated that SiO2 and PWA were uniformly distributed throughout the SPES matrix. Proper PWA and silica loadings in the composite

membranes showed high proton conductivity and sufficient methanol permeability. The selectivity (the ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability) of the SPES-P-S 15% composite membrane was almost five times than that of Nafion 112 membrane. This excellent selectivity of SPES/PWA/silica composite membranes indicate a potential feasibility as a promising electrolyte for DMFC. Ricolinostat Epigenetics inhibitor (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 1184-1192, 2012″
“This study is aimed at establishing a method of polarized/confocal Raman spectroscopy capable of quantitatively assessing crystallographic orientation in wurtzitic GaN with a micron-scale resolution. First, Raman selection rules are explicitly put forward from a theoretical viewpoint in their complete form; then, experimentally retrieved intensities of the Raman signal as a function of Euler angles are fitted to the obtained theoretical dependencies in order to quantify a set of Raman tensor elements using experiments on known crystallographic planes of a wurtzitic GaN single-crystal.

DVT is typically idiopathic and may be caused by subtle nondetectable thrombophilic disorders. The use of OCs was distributed in DVT patients just as in the general Austrian community and seems not to be a severe additional risk factor. Examining the whole lower extremity during ultrasonography is important so as

not to overlook a DVT of the lower leg.”
“The efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) in the treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) were retrospectively evaluated for patients click here with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) during treatment with immunosuppressive therapy. Subjects were 13 patients with CTDs complicated by IFI, on the basis of clinical symptoms, imaging findings, and microbiological and histological examinations. All patients were treated with L-AMB. Efficacy and safety were evaluated before and after administration of L-AMB. Underlying diseases were

systemic lupus erythematosus for 4 patients, rheumatoid arthritis for 3, microscopic polyangiitis for 2, adult-onset Still disease for 1, dermatomyositis for 1, and mixed connective tissue disease for 1. Eight patients were resistant to other antifungal drugs. Prednisolone was given to 11 patients and the median dose was 10 mg/day. Immunosuppressants were used for 8 patients. The median duration of administration of L-AMB was 8.5 days (range 4-38 days). In proven and probable diagnosis patients (n = 5), the treatment was effective for 3 patients and ineffective for 2 (efficacy rate 60 %). Serum 1,3-beta-d-glucan antigenemia (BG) levels decreased after treatment DAPT ic50 in the 2 patients

who were positive for BG. Serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen levels decreased in 3 of 4 patients with ACY-738 Aspergillus infection. No patient died of IFI. Regarding potential adverse reactions, there were no significant changes in serum creatinine and potassium levels. L-AMB is effective and well-tolerated for treatment of IFI in patients with CTDs.”
“Objective: To investigate the frequency of thyroid disorders (TD) in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and during interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and ribavirin (RIB) treatment. Study design: Prospective study. Patients and Methods: We prospectively studied 65 anti-HCV and viral RNA positive patients. Free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) were systematically tested at entry (m0), week 12 (m3) and week 24 (m6) of treatment. Results: Mean age of the 65 patients (38 females and 27 males) was 49.61 +/- 11.83 years. Seven (10.76%) patients presented baseline thyroid disorders (m0), three had thyroid dysfunction, and four were TPO-Ab positive. Thyroid disorders occurred in the first 12 weeks of treatment in 11 (16.92%) patients, four with thyroid dysfunction, and seven with TPO-Ab positive (m3). A total of 18 patients (27.

All rabbits recovered from surgery; owners reported that the rabbits were doing

well 22 to 43 months after surgery.

Clinical Relevance-Liver mTOR phosphorylation lobe torsions in any species are rarely reported, yet 4 cases of liver lobe torsion in domestic rabbits were treated at 1 referral center in a 2-year period. In rabbits, clinical signs of this condition are nonspecific and results of additional tests, including abdominal ultrasonography and serum biochemical analysis, are necessary for diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and hepatectomy of the affected lobe are recommended and appear to be associated with an excellent prognosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011;238:1176-1183)”
“Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, ‘C8′) and perfluoroctane sulphonate (PFOS) are environmentally stable compounds with industrial and consumer uses and long half-lives in humans. Concern has been raised over chronic exposure effects to human health, especially in relation to cholesterol metabolism. Here, we explore the association between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and the in vivo expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. We studied 290 individuals exposed to background levels of PFOS and elevated concentrations of PFOA through drinking water. Using adjusted linear regression models, we found inverse associations between serum PFOA levels and the whole blood expression

level of genes involved in cholesterol transport (NR1H2, NPC1 and ABCG1; p = 0.002, 0.026 and 0.014 respectively). A positive association was seen between Selleckchem NVP-HSP990 PFOS and a transcript involved in cholesterol mobilisation (NCEH1; p = 0.018), learn more and a negative relationship with a transcript involved in cholesterol transport (NR1H3; p = 0.044). When sexes were analysed separately, reductions in the levels of mRNAs involved in cholesterol transport were seen with PFOA in men (NPC1, ABCG1, and PPARA; p = 0.025, 0.024 and 0.012 respectively) and in women (NR1H2 expression; p = 0.019), whereas an increase in the levels of a cholesterol mobilisation

transcript (NCEH1; p = 0.036) was noted in women alone. PFOS was positively associated with expression of genes involved in both cholesterol mobilisation and transport in women (NCEH1 and PPARA; p = 0.003 and 0.039 respectively), but no effects were evident in men. This is the first report of associations between the in vivo expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and exposure to PFOA or PFOS, suggested that exposure to these compounds may promote a hypercholesterolaemic environment, with wider implications for human disease. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 are two Arabidopsis metal transporters sharing about 50% sequence identity with mouse NRAMP1. The NRAMP1/Slc11A1 metal ion transporter plays a crucial role in the innate immunity of animal macrophages targeted by intracellular bacterial pathogens. AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 localize to the vacuolar membrane.

The residence time distribution (RTD), the mean residence time ((t)

over bar), the dimensionless variance (sigma(2)(theta)), the Peclet number learn more (Pe) and the fluorescence peak intensity distribution of pure polymers and binary polymer systems were investigated and interpreted in terms of polymers rheological properties. It was observed that polymers presenting higher viscosity or higher pressure showed longer residence time. A difference in behavior was also observed for the RTD of miscible and immiscible blends. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 2304-2312, 2011″
“Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular neoplasm which can arise in any part of the body. Specific recognition of this neoplasm in cytological specimens is difficult in the absence of an ancillary method. Herein, we present the cytologic findings of two cases of angiosarcomas diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology. One case is a recurred angiosarcoma in the left chest wall and the other case is a lymphedema-associated angiosarcoma AZ 628 ic50 in the left lower leg. The cytologic findings of both cases are similar. Cytologic features that identified this neoplasm as an angiosarcoma included arborizing microtissue fragments, irregular

anastomosing vascular spaces lined by atypical cells, microacini, intracytoplasmic lumen, and intracellular red blood cells, marked cell discohesiveness, GDC-0994 in vivo spindle to ovoid, irregular, hyperchromatic nuclei, and elongated cytoplasmic processes with indistinct borders. This report emphasizes that when aspiration smears show vasoformative features in a bloody background, angiosarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis.”
“Aims: Patients

with advanced squamous carcinoma of the head and neck who are treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy schedules are often referred for gastrostomy tube (G-tube) insertion. Decision making to select appropriate patients is inconsistent and the factors that lead healthcare workers to make this recommendation are not well understood. Therefore, by means of a web-based questionnaire we sought the views of a variety of healthcare professionals as to their current practice with regard to various issues surrounding the recommendation of G-tube insertion use in these patients and analysed the responses with regard to decision making.

Materials and methods: Questions were generated after discussion among and agreement from all members of a single National Health Service Trust head and neck multidisciplinary team and were hosted on a website. Appropriate individuals were identified through their governing body organisations and invited by e-mail to complete the questionnaire. The results were pooled and analysed.

Results: Recommendations for gastrostomy were not based on tumour subsite.

Discussion: Adding quantitative information about prodrug conversion

in the gut, liver and blood to a PBPK model for the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) selleck screening library properties of prodrugs and their active moieties resulted, retrospectively, in reasonable predictions of the human PK when the ADME properties are well understood. Also in a prospective compound selection process, this integrative approach can improve decision making on prodrug candidates by putting relative differences in prodrug conversion of a large number of candidates into the perspective of their human PK profile, before conducting any in vivo experiments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Asthma PRIMA-1MET in vivo is a disease of the airways in which several cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) play a major role in the development and progression of inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus production, and airway remodeling.

The conventional anti-inflammatory therapies, represented by inhaled corticosteroids and antileukotrienes, are not always able to provide optimal disease control and it is therefore hoped that cytokine antagonists could achieve this goal in such situations. Anticytokine therapies have been tested in preclinical studies and some have entered

clinical trials. Anti-IL-4 therapies have been tested in animal models of allergy-related asthma, but because of unclear efficacy their development was discontinued. However, IL-4/IL-13 dual antagonists and IL-13-specific blocking agents are more promising, Alvocidib as they exhibit more sustained anti-inflammatory effects. IL-5 antagonists have been found to be of limited efficacy in clinical studies but might be useful in conditions characterized by severe hypereosinophilia, and in which asthma is one of the disease manifestations. Unlike other chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, the use of anti-TNF alpha therapies in asthma might be limited by the unfavorable risk/benefit ratio associated with long-term

use. The identification of so-called asthma TNF alpha phenotypes and perhaps the use of a less aggressive treatment regimen might address this important aspect. Other cytokine antagonists (for example for IL-9 or IL-25) are currently being evaluated in the asthma setting, and could open new therapeutic perspectives based on their efficacy and safety.”
“Stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy imaging (SMPSI) has important applications for evaluating coronary disease and ventricular function. Studies consistently focus on the left ventricle (LV), with no normal right ventricle (RV) data available. This study sought to evaluate the feasibility of RV perfusion with technetium (Tc-99m) sestamibi using a low radiotracer dose for children free of coronary artery (CA) anomalies and to determine its normal pattern.