7 The results showed that levels of circulating antibodies are increased if the test animals are pretreated with the extract. Cellular immunity involves effector mechanisms carried out by T lymphocytes and their products (lymphokines). DTH requires the specific recognition of a given antigen by activated T lymphocytes, which subsequently proliferate and release cytokines. These

in turn increase vascular permeability, induce vasodilatation promoting increased phagocytic activity. A subsequent exposure to the SRBCs antigen induces the effector phase of the DTH response, www.selleckchem.com/products/Neratinib(HKI-272).html where TH1 cells secrete a variety of cytokines that recruits and activates macrophages and other non-specific inflammatory mediators.15 Therefore, increase in DTH reaction in mice in response to T cell dependent antigen revealed the stimulatory effect of MLHT on T cells. MLHT has shown dose dependent activity. MLHT with low dose has less effect on hematological parameters especially on RBC but the high dose of the crude extract showed significant increase in the WBC count compared to the RBC count and hemoglobin. Estimation of the liver enzymes did not reflect any toxicity, the effect of MLHT on LFT enzymes may be due to

the flavonoids and coumarins which SAR405838 price accomplish the hepatoprotective nature of the plant.16 In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study show that H. tiliaceus methanolic leaf extract produces stimulatory effect on the humoral and cell mediated immune response in the experimental animals and suggest its therapeutic usefulness in disorders of immunological origin. Further studies to identify the active constituents and elucidation of mechanism of action are recommended since it is not possible to single out the most effective

immunostimulatory constituents of this plant. All authors have none to declare. The authors thank JPR solutions for providing the partial funding to publish this research work. “
“Elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus much paeoniifolius) is a plant, which is found as underground, hemispherical, depressed, dark brown corm. It is normally grown in north–eastern part of India. It is an underground, unbranched plant. Leaves are compound, large, solitary, petiole, and stout, mottled. Leaflets are 5–12.5 cm long of variable width, obovate or oblong, acute, strongly & many nerved. It is contiguous, neuters absent, appendage of spadix, subglobose or amorphous, equally or longer than the fertile region, spathe campanulate, pointed, strongly, closely veined, greenish-pink externally, base within purple, margins recurved, undulate, & crisped, male inflorescence sub turbinate, female 7.5 cm or more long. Fruits are obovoid 2–3 seeded and red berries. The fruit is known as corm and this part is used as active part of the plant. The corm has been used as the sources of the various medicines.