C. Relative intensities of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Stenocarpella species learn more hybridizing to their relevant mycotoxin genes. D. Relative intensities of Fusarium species hybridizing to their relevant mycotoxin genes.

Specificity and functionality of the microarray The specificity of the array was tested by using the forty precharacterized fungal isolates listed in Table 2. The hybridization of fungal isolate to the array gave insight into the affinity of test probes for their correct target and the effect of multiple versus single diagnostic probes/species. The hybridization of each fungal isolates Proton pump inhibitor for 16 – 24 hours at 53°C resulted in different hybridization patterns for the different fungal strains (Figure 1) with relative intensities indicating the level of hybridization of each target to the probe (Figure 2). Thirty-two test samples showed high affinity for their probes producing a best match result. It was possible to positively identify the test organisms

with at least one probe due to the presence of multiple diagnostic probes with fluorescent net signal intensities ranging from 2992 to 6000 intensity units. SNR values obtained from the relative

intensities acetylcholine of hybridized DNA indicated in the graph, gave a clear indication whether a spot was present (SNR>/= 3.0) or absent (SNR<3.0). Weak cross-hybridization was observed for SBE-��-CD in vitro Aspergillus clavatus and A. niger, but these fungal isolates could be positively identified due to the multiple probes on the array. Although the multiple probes per species used for the array construction showed big differences in hybridization efficiencies with some probes showing no hybridization, at least one oligonucleotide showed high hybridization efficiency for most of the fungal isolates tested and could be used for species- or toxin-specific gene identification. Eight species could not be positively identified as they did not reveal specific hybrization patterns (Table 3). Table 2 Fungal cultures used in this study, their potential mycotoxins and the host of the fungus No.