Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“The sheath formation criterion in electronegative plasma is examined. By using a multifluid

model, it is shown that in a collisional sheath there will be upper as well as lower limits for the sheath velocity criterion. However, the parameters of the negative ions only affect the lower limit. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3475508]“
“Purpose: To evaluate the anatomy of the ulnar side of the wrist in the region of the triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) complex, with special focus on the ulnomeniscal homologue (UMH) and its relationship to surrounding structures.

Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were not required. Ten upper extremities were harvested from the Selleck MK-8931 nonembalmed cadavers of four GDC-0994 research buy women and six men (age range at death, 56-97 years; mean age at death, 83 years) and used according to institutional guidelines. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR arthrography

of the wrist were performed with the wrist in neutral position, maximal ulnar deviation, and maximal radial deviation by using intermediate-weighted sequences. The specimens were cut into 4-mm-thick sections that corresponded to the MR imaging planes. The gross anatomic features of the UMH and its relationship to adjacent structures were evaluated and compared with imaging findings. UMH variants, as described in previous articles on purely anatomic studies, were sought on MR images. MR findings of the wrist in neutral ABT-888 position were compared with those of the wrist in maximal ulnar and radial deviations. Histologic examination was used to further elucidate the structure of the UMH.

Results: The UMH displayed complex anatomic features because of its obliquely oriented course.

However, it could be divided into styloid, radioulnar, and collateral components and a distal insertion. The UMH variants described in previously published studies could be identified, but evaluation results were highly dependent on the wrist position at imaging.

Conclusion: The anatomy of the UMH is complex. For assessment of the UMH and the ulnar side of the TFC complex, coronal MR arthrography with the wrist in neutral position or radial deviation might be superior to standard MR imaging. (C) RSNA, 2009″
“Background: The management of recurrent urethrocutaneous fistula (RUCF) is a challenging problem that poses a serious difficulty for the hypospadias surgeon. We report here a novel technique in which a double unfurled dartos subcutaneous flap is utilized in the treatment of patients with RUCF. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all our patients who underwent surgical treatment of urethrocutaneous fistula with this new operative method after previously failed fistula repair.