Many of the herbs used in folk medicine have yet to be scientifically evaluated for their effectiveness and safety.4 Geraniums are widely used in Mexican traditional medicine as antidiarrhoeal,5 among other uses. Some pharmacological studies report hypotensive and astringent activity,6 hepatoprotective and antiviral activity,7 as well as anti-oxidant8 and anti-inflammatory MDV3100 purchase activity.9 Aerial parts of Geranium seemannii Peyr. is used in infusions as a kidney analgesic, mild astringent, and anti-inflammatory agent. 10 The chemical characterization of some Geraniaceae family plant species, such as bellum, potentillaefolium DC, robertianum, and thunbergii, has identified

sugars, fatty acids, flavonoids, and tannins. 11G. seemannii Peyr. has been employed as a diuretic in some indigenous areas of Mexico for centuries, but this use still lacks a scientific basis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diuretic activity of ethanolic extract of G. seemannii Peyr. Specimens of G. seemannii Peyr. were collected when the plant was in blossom in June and July of 2010, in the municipality of Epazoyucan, Hidalgo State, AG-014699 solubility dmso Mexico. A voucher specimen (J. M. Torres Valencia 61) is preserved in the Herbarium of the Biological Research Center at the Universidad Autónoma in Hidalgo, and was identified by

Professor Manuel González Ledesma of that institute. The air-dried aerial part of the plant (1.5 kg) was extracted successively with a hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous solution. Extractions in these organic solvents were all conducted by heating the solid plant residue in the appropriate solvent at reflux for 6 h, while the water extract was obtained by maceration at room temperature for 7 days. Filtration and evaporation of

and the extracts afforded green viscous oils (hexane, 7 g; EtOAc, 21 g; MeOH, 417 g and water, 123 g). Hexane and EtOAc extracts were dissolved in MeOH at 50 °C, then left at 0 °C for 12 h. Afterward, insoluble fatty materials were removed by filtration. The filtrate was evaporated under vacuum to give defatted extracts.12 Ethanolic extract was tested on the basis that was the evidence showed increased activity in acute diuresis. The dose of 25 mg/kg of the extract was obtained from the average consumption of an infusion of 8 g of plant per 70 kg of body weight, and the dose of 50 mg/kg was tested to evaluate a possible dose dependent effect. Adult male Wistar rats (250–300 g) were housed in transparent polycarbonate cages of 50 × 28 cm, two per cage. Animals were maintained in a room that had little noise, a controlled temperature (22–25 °C), 8 to 10 air changes per minute, and natural lighting. They were given food (a standard rodent diet of Purina lab chow) and water ad libitum, and underwent an adaptation period of three days.