To achieve the goals of the current study, we employed the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). The perceived social support (PSS) scale was used to assess social support in the postnatal period. Socio-demographic and obstetric variables buy DMH1 were collected through a socio-demographic and obstetric questionnaire.

The mean EPDS scores of the study participants were 8.53 +/- A 4.93. The EPDS-based prevalence of PPD (a score of a parts per thousand yen13) was 28.3%. We found

a significant negative correlation between EPDS scores and perceived social support from the family (PSS-Fa) and from friends (PSS-Fr) scores. The present study also revealed a significant association between postpartum depressive symptomatology and unintended pregnancy, insufficient social support, and previous history of depression.

The findings of the current study revealed high EPDS-based PPD prevalence in a sample of Turkish women and described a number of risk factors associated with PPD. The high prevalence found in this study indicated a need for developing new interventions for early detection and Alvespimycin mw treatment of PPD. A significant number of Turkish immigrants live in western countries. We believe the findings of the current study may

be helpful for physicians in locations where a large number of Turkish immigrants live.”
“Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR)/silica nanocomposites Selleckchem Momelotinib were prepared by in-situ modification dispersion technology, and the silane coupling agent gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH570) was chosen to promote the interfacial strength between silica particles and HNBR matrix and further improve the dispersion of silica particles. Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA2000) was used to test the Payne effect of HNBR/silica compounds, from which some interesting phenomena were found: the Payne effect became stronger after

KH570 was added to HNBR/silica compound at room temperature, which was a contrary result compared to SBR/silica system. However, after stored for a month at room temperature, the Payne effect weakened, which was contrary to the traditional phenomenon of storage hardening of filled rubber. All these results are related to fillerfiller interaction and fillerrubber interaction. The modulus at small strain amplitude of HNBR/silica compound with KH570 gradually decreased with the increase of times of circulatory strain sweep but that of compound without KH570 had almost no change, which was explained by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results that the reaction between silica and KH570 almost completed at the test condition: 80 degrees C and about 1 h. The effects of silane amount, heat-treated temperature and time on the Payne effect of compounds and the mechanical properties of vulcanizates were also investigated. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.